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Hydrological Cycle Water continuously between the atmosphere and the earth’s surface (lithosphere) and known as the hydrological cycle. The energy for energy for driving the  cycle and thus ensuring a constant supply of fresh-water on land comes from sun. Solar heat evaporates water from the ocean which is the great reservoir of water. A lesser … Read more

GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE AND ROLE AND RESPONSE OF MAN IN CLIMATE CHANGE Global Climate Change   Climate change is the most important global environmental challenge facing humanity with implications for food production, natural ecosystems, fresh water supply, and health. The earth’s climate system has demonstrably changed on both global and regional scales since the pre-industrial … Read more

India´s Political Divisions About two centuries of British rule left India fragmented into nine British provinces and 562 small princely states at the time of independence in 1947. The constitution of India was adopted with the establishment of the Democratic Republic of India on 26th Jan 1950 and India was recognized as the Union of … Read more

Geopolitics of the Indian Ocean INTRODUCTION Indian Ocean with an estimated area of about 7,442,700 sq km. is the third largest ocean in the world after the Pacific Ocean and the Atlantic Ocean. Although the Indian Ocean is much smaller in size than the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans, it is of immense importance for us … Read more

Scope of Human Geography Notes Human geography is a dynamic and interdisciplinary field that involves the relationship between human and their spatial environments. It encompasses a wide scope, focusing on the patterns and processes of human activities, societies, and cultures across the globe.  Unlike physical geography, human geography centers on the social aspects of our … Read more

Heartland and Rimland Theory Heartland theory states the power that control central Asia whereas Rimland gives the importance to the strip of coastal land that encircles Eurasia. Heartland and Rimland Theory were further discuss below Heartland Theory Mackinder had concluded from his study of global physical map that three time fourth of earth surface consisted … Read more

Introduction Sikkim has physical features like rivers and mountains and has a very rugged topography and flat lands. The major river of Sikkim Tista originates from Cholamu Lake, it makes various tributaries along the way as it goes. Rangit is the major tributary of Tista which originates from Rathong glacier. No one can imagine that … Read more