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INTRODUCTION The rock weathering process alters the physical or chemical state of rocks at or near the surface of the earth, without without necessarily eroding or transporting the products of alteration. Weathering is an assemblage of rock-altering processes that are powered by exogenic solar energy. Weathering is distinguished from other destructive processes by the inclusion … Read more
Introduction (Weather and Climate) The term weather should not be confused with climate, though they are very closely related to each other in the study of meteorology and climatology. We don’t hear people saying that the climate of the day is warm or cold, but we do talk of warm weather, a cold morning, a … Read more
Tides Introduction Tides in the ocean are primarily concerned with the gravitational forces of the sun and moon. It may be pointed out that the earth rotates from west to east and revolves around the earth along an elliptical orbit. Similarly, the moon rotates from west to east and revolves around the earth along an … Read more
Hydrological Cycle Water continuously between the atmosphere and the earth’s surface (lithosphere) and known as the hydrological cycle. The energy for energy for driving the cycle and thus ensuring a constant supply of fresh-water on land comes from sun. Solar heat evaporates water from the ocean which is the great reservoir of water. A lesser … Read more
Ocean Currents Introduction (Ocean Currents) The general movement of a mass of oceanic water in a definite direction is called oceanic current which is more or less similar to water streams (rivers) flowing on the land surface of the earth. Ocean currents are the most powerful of all the dynamics of oceanic waters because these … Read more
GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE AND ROLE AND RESPONSE OF MAN IN CLIMATE CHANGE Global Climate Change Climate change is the most important global environmental challenge facing humanity with implications for food production, natural ecosystems, fresh water supply, and health. The earth’s climate system has demonstrably changed on both global and regional scales since the pre-industrial … Read more
Monsoon and Jet Stream Monsoon represents one of the crucial phenomena in the category of secondary circulation of the atmosphere. In meteorology, monsoon signifies the directional shifting of winds from one season to the other monsoon circulation involves a change of 180 degrees in the direction of wind. Originally the meaning of monsoon was applied … Read more
India´s Political Divisions About two centuries of British rule left India fragmented into nine British provinces and 562 small princely states at the time of independence in 1947. The constitution of India was adopted with the establishment of the Democratic Republic of India on 26th Jan 1950 and India was recognized as the Union of … Read more
Geopolitics of the Indian Ocean INTRODUCTION Indian Ocean with an estimated area of about 7,442,700 sq km. is the third largest ocean in the world after the Pacific Ocean and the Atlantic Ocean. Although the Indian Ocean is much smaller in size than the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans, it is of immense importance for us … Read more
Scope of Human Geography Notes Human geography is a dynamic and interdisciplinary field that involves the relationship between human and their spatial environments. It encompasses a wide scope, focusing on the patterns and processes of human activities, societies, and cultures across the globe. Unlike physical geography, human geography centers on the social aspects of our … Read more